Ukususela phakathi ukuya ekupheleni kukaSeptemba, ngenxa yempembelelo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso emali yamazwe ngamazwe, amaxabiso ezinto zokutya kunye nezinto ezincedisayo ziye zaqhubeka nokunyuka, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla asekhaya "ulawulo olubini", ukuhlolwa kokusingqongileyo, kunye nokunqongophala komthamo wefektri. achatshazelwa yimiba emininzi, ekhokelela kumaxabiso alandelelanayo amayeza ahlukeneyo onyango lwezilwanyana.Ukunyuka, okuthe kwabangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso eemveliso zamachiza ezilwanyana ezinxulumeneyo.Siza kulungisa amacandelo athile anyukayo kunye neemveliso zamalungiselelo ekunokuthi amaxabiso azo anyuswe ngabavelisi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
1. β-lactam
(1) Ityuwa yemveliso ye-penicillin potassium iye yanda kakhulu, kwaye ixabiso liye landa ngaphezu kwe-25% xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo;izinto eziluhlaza kunye namalungiselelo e-penicillin sodium (okanye i-potassium) nayo inyuke ngomda omkhulu.), ngaphezu kokunyuka okubukhali kwixabiso lezinto ezibonakalayo zale mveliso, ixabiso leebhotile zokupakisha liye laphakama kwinqanaba elithile.Ke ngoko, ixabiso lemveliso yangaphambili yemveliso liya kubona ukunyuka okukhulu.
(2) (Monomer) I-Amoxicillin kunye ne-Amoxicillin Sodium inyuke kakhulu, kwaye amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza ezifana ne-Ampicillin, i-Ampicillin Sodium, i-Amoxicillin kunye ne-Clavulanate Potassium nayo inyuke ukuya kumlinganiselo othile.I-10% kunye ne-30% ye-amoxicillin enyibilikayo yomgubo eveliswa ngabavelisi bamachiza ezilwanyana yenye yeemveliso ezisoloko ziqhagamshelwa ngabasasazi kunye namafama, kwaye ixabiso lale mveliso liyakunyuka ngaphezu kwe-10%.
(3) Amaxabiso e-ceftiofur sodium, ceftiofur hydrochloride, kunye ne-cefquinoxime sulfate anyukile, kwaye ukunikezelwa kwe-cefquinoxime sulfate kuye kwaqina.Amaxabiso ala malungiselelo mathathu enaliti aveliswa ngabenzi bamayeza ezilwanyana anokonyuka onke.
2. Aminoglycosides
(1) Indlela yexabiso ye-streptomycin sulfate yomelele, ngokunyuka okuthile.Amalungiselelo omenzi abandakanyekayo ikakhulu azizigidi ezi-1 okanye iiyunithi ezi-2 zezigidi zenaliti yomgubo wokutofa.Ukongezelela, ixabiso leebhotile zokupakisha nalo liyenyuka, kwaye abavelisi banokunyusa ixabiso lolu hlobo lwemveliso.
(2) Izinto eziluhlaza ze-kanamycin sulfate kunye neomycin sulfate zenyuka kwindawo yokuqala, kwaye i-spectinomycin hydrochloride nayo yavuka;I-apramycin sulfate yenyuka kancinci, ngelixa ixabiso le-gentamicin sulfate lalizinzile.Amalungiselelo omenzi abandakanyekayo ngala: 10% kanamycin sulfate umgubo onyibilikayo, 10% inaliti kanamycin sulfate, 6.5% kunye 32.5% neomycin sulfate umgubo onyibilikayo, 20% inaliti apramycin sulfate, 40% kunye 50% apramycin 50% sulfate umgubo 50% sulfate soluble premycin 5. , amaxabiso ale miqulu ingentla anokunyuswa ngaphezu kwe-5%.
3. IiTetracyclines kunye neChloramphenicols
(1) I-Doxycycline hydrochloride inokwanda okukhulu, kwaye i-quotation yemakethe yezinto ezibonakalayo idlule i-720 yuan / kg.Amaxabiso ezinto ekrwada e-oxytetracycline, i-oxytetracycline hydrochloride, kunye ne-chlortetracycline hydrochloride nawo anyuke ngaphezu kwe-8%.Amalungiselelo ahambelanayo nabavelisi bamachiza ezilwanyana: njenge-10% kunye ne-50% ye-doxycycline hydrochloride powder e-soluble, i-20% ye-doxycycline hydrochloride suspension, i-10% kunye ne-20% yenaliti ye-oxytetracycline, i-10% ye-oxytetracycline hydrochloride powder e-soluble Amaxabiso ezinye iimveliso zinokunyuka ngaphezu kwe-5 yeemveliso %.Iimveliso ezithile zethebhulethi ziya kubona kwakhona ukunyuka kwexabiso elithile.
(2) I-Flofenicol sisithako esiqhelekileyo seyeza kwimfuyo kunye nemveliso yeenkukhu.NgoSeptemba, ixabiso le-florfenicol lenyuka ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokunyuka ngokukhawuleza kwexabiso labaphakathi.Inombolo enye yesithako esishushu.Kungenxa kanye le nto yokuba abavelisi bamachiza ezilwanyana abanyusanga kuphela amaxabiso abo emveliso yangaphambili ngaphezulu kwe-15%, kwaye nabanye abavelisi baye banyanzeleka ukuba banqumamise ukuveliswa kwamalungiselelo anxulumeneyo ngenxa yokunyuka okubukhali kwempahla ekrwada okanye ukunqongophala kwemathiriyeli ekrwada. .Iimveliso ezibandakanyekayo ziquka: 10%, 20%, 30% florfenicol powder, florfenicol powder soluble, kunye nenaliti enomxholo ofanayo.Onke la malungiselelo angentla aya kuba nokunyuka kwexabiso elikhulu.
4. IiMacrolides
Amaxabiso ezinto eziluhlaza ezifana ne-tivancin tartrate, i-tilmicosin, i-tilmicosin phosphate, i-tylosin tartrate, i-tiamulin fumarate, ne-erythromycin thiocyanate onke anyuke ukuya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo, ngokonyuka kwe-5% ~ 10% malunga.Iimveliso ezibandakanyekayo ezifana ne-10%, i-50% ye-tylosin tartrate okanye i-tylosin tartrate powder e-soluble, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinxulumene nesithako, zinokuthi zibe nokunyuka kwexabiso le-5% ukuya kwi-10%.
5. Iiquinolones
Ixabiso lezinto eziluhlaza ezifana ne-enrofloxacin, i-enrofloxacin hydrochloride, i-ciprofloxacin lactate, i-ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, kunye ne-sarafloxacin hydrochloride inyuke nge-16% ukuya kwi-20%.Ezi zizo zonke izithako eziqhelekileyo ezichasayo kunye ne-anti-inflammatory.Kukho inani elikhulu leemveliso zokulungiselela, ezinempembelelo enkulu kwiindleko zamayeza kwishishini le-aquaculture.Umzekelo: i-10% ye-enrofloxacin hydrochloride, i-ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, i-sarafloxacin hydrochloride powder e-soluble, kunye namalungiselelo esisombululo somxholo ofanayo, ixabiso le-ex-factory ngokubanzi likhuphuka ngaphezu kwe-15%.
6. Iisulfonamides
I-Sulfadiazine sodium, i-sulfadimethoxine sodium, i-sulfachlordazine sodium, i-sulfaquinoxaline sodium, kunye ne-synergists i-ditrimethoprim, i-trimethoprim, i-trimethoprim lactate, njl., zonke ziphakame kwaye zadlula i-5% okanye ngaphezulu.Iimveliso ezibandakanyekayo ezifana nomgubo onyibilikayo kunye nokunqunyanyiswa (izisombululo) kunye ne-10% kunye ne-30% yomxholo wezithako ezingentla kunye nomgangatho wesizwe wamalungiselelo wekhompawundi ye-synergistic unokuqhubeka nokunyuka kwexabiso.
7. Izifunxi-gazi
Iimathiriyeli ekrwada ye-diclazuril, totrazuril, praziquantel, kunye ne-levamisole hydrochloride ziye zanda ukuya kumaqondo ahlukeneyo, phakathi kwazo izinto eziluhlaza ze-totrazuril kunye ne-levamisole hydrochloride ziye zanda ngaphezu kwe-5%.Umxholo wamalungiselelo emveliso abandakanyekayo kwezi zithako zingasentla uphantsi kancinci, kwaye kukho indawo encinci yokunyuka.Kulindeleke ukuba uninzi lwabavelisi bamachiza onyango lwezilwanyana bangawahlengahlengisi amaxabiso angaphambili emizi-mveliso yamalungiselelo anxulumeneyo.Unikezelo lwezinto eziluhlaza ze-albendazole, ivermectin kunye ne-abamectin zanele, kwaye ixabiso lizinzile, kwaye akuyi kubakho ukulungiswa okuphezulu okwangoku.
8. Izibulali-ntsholongwane
Ukususela ekuqhambukeni kwesithsaba esitsha, i-iodine, i-glutaraldehyde, i-benzalkonium bromide, i-quaternary ammonium salts, iimveliso ezine-chlorine (ezifana ne-sodium hypochlorite, i-dichloro okanye i-sodium trichloroisocyanurate), i-phenol, njl., ziye zanda kwibhodi.Ngokukodwa, ixabiso le-caustic soda (i-sodium hydroxide) liphindwe kathathu kwiinyanga ezintandathu kulo nyaka.Kwikota yesine yalo nyaka, ngenxa yokomelezwa kothintelo nolawulo lwesithsaba esitsha, ulawulo lokusetyenziswa kwamandla amabini, ukubeka iliso kwindalo esingqongileyo, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso emali kumazwe ngamazwe, kunye nokunyuka ngokubanzi kwezinto ezikrwada, ezi ntlobo zezithako eziqhelekileyo zokubulala iintsholongwane ziya kuphinda zingenise. ukunyuka okupheleleyo, ngakumbi ezo ziqukethe i-chlorine kunye ne-iodine.Amalungiselelo, njengesisombululo se-iodine ye-povidone, isisombululo se-iodine ephindwe kabini ye-quaternary ammonium yetyuwa, i-sodium dichloride okanye i-trichloroisocyanurate powder, njl.Nkqu ne-organic acids kunye nee-surfactants ezahlukeneyo ezinempembelelo ethile yokulwa ne-antibacterial nazo zibone ukwanda okukhulu.Ixabiso lokupakishwa kweplastiki liye landa ngaphezu kwe-30%, okubangele ukunyuka kwexabiso leemveliso ezigqityiweyo.
9. I-Antipyretic kunye ne-analgesic
Ixabiso le-Analgin lenyuke ngaphezu kwe-15% ngonyaka, kwaye ixabiso le-acetaminophen lenyuke ngaphezu kwe-40% ngonyaka.I-Flunixin meglumine kunye ne-carbopeptide calcium zombini zenyuka ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ixabiso le-sodium salicylate nalo laguquguquka ukuya phezulu.Iimveliso ezibandakanyekayo ziyi-injection enkulu yamalungiselelo anomxholo ophezulu kunye nesicelo esibanzi.Ukongeza, ukunyuka kwezinto zokupakisha kulo nyaka kukwaphezulu kwimbali.Amaxabiso angaphambili efektri ezi mveliso ezinxulumene nezithako aya kunyuka kakhulu.Kwaye amathuba okulungiswa okukhulu kwixesha elifutshane akunakwenzeka, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba kugcinwe kwangaphambili.
Ukongeza kokunyuka okubukhali kwezi ndidi zingasentla zezixhobo eziluhlaza, kwiinyanga nje ezintandathu, iintlobo ngeentlobo zemichiza ekrwada ephakathi njengephosphoric acid yenyuka kaninzi, i-asidi ye-formic yenyuka phantse kabini, i-nitric acid kunye ne-asidi yesulfuric yenyuka ngaphezulu. ngaphezu kwe-50%, kunye ne-sodium bicarbonate yenyuka ngaphezu kwe-80%.%, imarike yeebhokisi zokupakisha inendlela enyukayo, kwaye nezinto zePVC zinyuke phantse nge-50%.Ngokubhekiselele kwimeko yangoku, ingxaki yezemali iyaqhubeka isasazeka kwihlabathi jikelele, kwaye iimeko ezininzi aziqikeleleki.Uhlalutyo olubanzi lubonisa ukuba ngobuthathaka obuhleliweyo okanye obuqhubekayo becala lemfuno yemarike, amandla okuphela kokwetyisa kwishishini le-aquaculture liyehla, kwaye imfuno iyancipha ngelixa umthamo wemveliso ukhula ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yembuyekezo yenzuzo.Ekugqibeleni, uxinzelelo lwe-terminal yemarike luya kubuyela kwicala lomthombo wemveliso kwaye lunyuke kwinqanaba lokuqala.Izixhobo ezikhawulezayo ezikhawulezayo zinokuhla kwikota yokuqala neyesibini yonyaka, kodwa akuvunyelwanga ukuba inxalenye encinci yezinto eziluhlaza iya kuqhubeka nokuguquguquka kwinqanaba eliphezulu ngenxa yezizathu ezikhethekileyo kwicala lokubonelela ngemveliso kunye nemarike. .
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-05-2021
.png)
.png)
.png)
.png)